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United StatesQ1 2025
In Q1 2025, terbium prices experienced a sharp increase of $1,053,333 per metric ton, FOB Shanghai marking a 6.40% rise from the previous quarter. This surge reflects intensifying demand for terbium in high-tech applications, particularly in green energy technologies such as solid-state lighting and permanent magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicles.
Tightened supply chains limited global production concentrated mainly in China, and strategic stockpiling by key industries further contributed to the upward pressure on prices. This significant price movement underscores the growing strategic importance of terbium in the global shift toward sustainable energy and advanced electronics.
Q4 2024
In Q4 2024, terbium experienced a significant price surge, increasing by $990,001 per metric ton, FOB Shanghai a rise of 5.69%. This sharp uptick reflects heightened demand driven by its critical role in green technologies, especially in high-efficiency lighting and permanent magnets used in electric vehicles and wind turbines. Additionally, constrained global supply due to tightened export controls and environmental regulations in major producing countries, particularly China, exacerbated the price movement. Market sentiment remains bullish as industries prioritize secure access to rare earth elements, positioning terbium as a strategic material amid growing geopolitical and technological pressures.
Q3 2024
In Q3 2024, the price of terbium experienced a sharp decline, dropping by $936,667 per metric ton, FOB Shanghai representing a significant 10.79% decrease. This notable price correction likely reflects a combination of factors, including reduced demand from the electronics and green energy sectors, ongoing inventory adjustments, and increased supply from key producers, particularly in China. Market sentiment may have also been influenced by broader macroeconomic uncertainties and weakening rare earth metal markets. The scale of the drop suggests heightened volatility and potential oversupply concerns, prompting stakeholders to reassess procurement strategies and future pricing forecasts.
Q2 2024
In Q2 2024, terbium experienced a significant price surge, increasing by $1,050,000 per metric ton, FOB Shanghai marking a 6.24% rise. This substantial price hike can be attributed to heightened demand in the clean energy and electronics sectors, particularly for terbium’s use in green phosphors for LED displays and permanent magnets in wind turbines and electric vehicles. Additionally, tightening export controls and limited production from key suppliers such as China further strained global supply, amplifying upward pressure on prices. Investors and manufacturers are now closely monitoring supply chain dynamics and geopolitical developments, as terbium continues to be a critical rare earth element in the global transition to sustainable technologies.
Q1 2024
In Q1 2024, terbium experienced a significant market correction, with its price plummeting by $988,333 per metric ton, FOB Shanghai marking a steep decline of 28.38%. This sharp drop can be attributed to a combination of factors, including reduced demand from key sectors such as green technology and electronics, increased inventory levels in China, and easing geopolitical tensions that had previously driven speculative buying. The price correction reflects a recalibration of supply-demand dynamics, as manufacturers adjusted procurement strategies in response to softer-than-expected economic growth and improvements in recycling technologies that reduced reliance on primary terbium sources.
Q1 2025
In Q1 2025, the Indian terbium market experienced a significant upswing, marked by a price increase of $1,140,397 per metric ton, CIF Nhava Sheva (China) translating to an 8.21% rise. This surge reflects robust demand from key sectors such as electronics, renewable energy, and defense, where terbium’s role in high-performance magnets and phosphors remains critical.
Supply-side constraints, including limited global production and export restrictions from major suppliers like China, further exacerbated the price escalation. The sharp price movement underscores India’s growing strategic focus on rare earth self-reliance and the pressing need for investment in domestic extraction and refining capabilities.
Q4 2024
In the fourth quarter of 2024, India’s terbium market experienced a notable price increase of $1,053,909 per metric ton, CIF Nhava Sheva (China) reflecting a 1.03% rise. This uptick was influenced by a combination of factors, including China’s strategic export controls and a resurgence in demand from the magnet manufacturing sector. China’s export restrictions, aimed at bolstering domestic supply and asserting geopolitical leverage, have tightened global availability, contributing to upward pressure on prices .
Simultaneously, a rebound in downstream demand, particularly from industries reliant on rare earth elements for advanced technologies, has further supported price increases . While the market remains sensitive to supply chain disruptions and geopolitical developments, the observed price trend indicates a period of relative stability and cautious optimism for stakeholders in India’s terbium sector.
Q3 2024
In Q3 2024, India’s terbium request endured a notable downturn, with prices dwindling by roughly $1,043,163 per metric ton, CIF Nhava Sheva (China) reflecting a 5.84% decline. The downturn was driven by factors similar as reduced demand from the attraction sector, surfeit from increased significances of rare earth ores, and geopolitical insecurity affecting product in Myanmar, a significant source of heavy rare earth rudiments. Despite these challenges, judges anticipate a implicit answer in terbium prices, supported by its critical part in green technologies and the limited pliantness of its force.
Q2 2024
In the second quarter of 2024, India experienced a significant surge in terbium prices, with an increase of $1,107,836 per metric ton, CIF Nhava Sheva (China) representing a 7.10% rise. This upward trend aligns with global market dynamics, where terbium prices had been declining in early 2024 due to factors like increased production and decreased demand.
However, by mid-2024, the market began to stabilize, influenced by factors such as reduced mining quotas, a shift from off-season to peak season, and increased demand from downstream industries. Additionally, geopolitical tensions, particularly in regions like Myanmar, have disrupted supply chains, contributing to price volatility. This price increase underscores the critical role of terbium in high-tech applications and the complex interplay of market and geopolitical factors affecting its pricing in India.
Q1 2024
In Q1 2024, India’s terbium market experienced a significant downturn, with prices dropping by $1,034,441 per metric ton, CIF Nhava Sheva (China) reflecting a 24.45% decrease. This sharp decline mirrors global trends, notably in China, where terbium prices fell to a three-year low due to increased ore availability and reduced demand from the magnet industry. The absence of restocking activities by major rare earth companies and weak downstream demand further pressured prices.
Additionally, geopolitical factors, such as China’s export controls and Myanmar’s suspension of mining licenses, disrupted supply chains, exacerbating the price decline. These global dynamics likely influenced India’s market, highlighting the interconnectedness of the rare earth sector.
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Terbium is a rare earth metal known for its unique optical and magnetic properties, making it indispensable in various advanced technologies. Primarily sourced from monazite and bastnäsite ores, terbium is commonly used in the production of high-performance phosphors for energy-efficient lighting, such as in compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and LEDs. Additionally, terbium is a critical element in the development of magnetic refrigeration systems, where its magnetic properties help improve cooling efficiency. Terbium is also used in alloys to enhance the performance of electronic devices, particularly in the aerospace and defense industries. Its ability to absorb and emit specific wavelengths of light, alongside its magnetic characteristics, positions terbium as a key material in the advancement of green technology and high-tech innovations.
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PriceWatch Quotation Terms:
Ex-Location: This incoterm refers to a shipping agreement where the seller makes the goods available at their premises, and the buyer is responsible for all transportation costs, including shipping, insurance, and any other fees.
CIF: CIF refers to the Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) terms for goods. Under CIF terms, the seller is responsible for the cost of goods, insurance, and freight charges until the goods reach the port of destination.
FD: FD stands for Free Delivered where the seller takes full responsibility for delivering goods to the location/port. This ensures the buyer receives the goods at the designated port with all necessary costs, except import duties, covered.
FOB: FOB refers to the Free On-Board shipping term, where the seller is responsible for the cost and risk of delivering the goods to the port. Once the goods are on board the vessel, the responsibility shifts to the buyer for all costs, including shipping and insurance.
| Property | Specification |
| Element Symbol | Tb |
| Atomic Number | 65 |
| Standard | ASTM |
| Chemical Purity | 99% |
| Density | 8.23 g/cm³ |
Applications
Aerospace: Terbium is used in aerospace systems for high-efficiency, miniaturized components, such as in lighting and sensors, contributing to reduced weight and improved performance.
Terbium’s unique properties, such as its high magnetic susceptibility and luminescent capabilities, make it a critical material in high-tech applications. It plays a key role in energy-efficient lighting, advanced electronics, and green technologies, particularly in areas requiring precise control over magnetic and optical properties.
The pricing of Terbium is influenced by several factors, including:
i. Supply & Availability
• Primary Production: Terbium is primarily extracted from monazite and bastnasite ores, often found alongside other rare earth elements. The availability of terbium is influenced by mining and refining operations, particularly in regions such as China, which controls a significant portion of the production.
• Global Reserves: China is the dominant producer, but there are also reserves in countries like Australia, the United States, and Brazil. Changes in mining policies, production quotas, or export restrictions in these countries can have a notable effect on global supply and pricing.
ii. Demand from Key Industries
• Phosphors & Fluorescent Lighting: Terbium is critical for the production of phosphors used in energy-efficient lighting, such as compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) and LEDs. As global demand for energy-efficient lighting increases, so does the demand for terbium.
• Electronic Devices: Terbium is used in specialized electronics, such as in the production of the green phosphor in television screens, monitors, and other display technologies. As the demand for high-resolution displays rises, so does the demand for terbium.
• Magnets & Alloys: Terbium is also used in the production of high-performance magnets and alloys, particularly in applications requiring high-temperature stability, such as in jet engines and other advanced engineering sectors.
iii. Purity & Quality
• High-Purity Grades: Terbium is available in different purities (e.g., 3N, 4N). Higher purity terbium, which requires more advanced refining techniques, typically commands a premium price due to its application in high-precision electronics, lighting, and other advanced technology sectors.
iv. Geopolitical Factors
• Export Controls & Quotas: China’s dominance in the terbium market allows it to influence prices through export quotas, tariffs, or other restrictions. As with other rare earth elements, these actions can cause global supply uncertainties and price fluctuations.
• Strategic Stockpiling: Countries or corporations may stockpile terbium for national security or industrial strategy reasons, leading to potential distortions in market supply and pricing.
v. Market Speculation & Investment Trends
• Commodities Markets: Speculation in critical raw materials, including terbium, often tied to technological advancements or green technologies, can drive price fluctuations. Investor behavior in commodities markets can result in price spikes or drops.
• Short-Term Volatility: As with many rare earths, terbium prices can experience short-term volatility due to shifting demand, technological innovations, or supply chain disruptions.
vi. Alternative Materials & Substitutes
• Substitution Research: Ongoing research into alternative materials and new technologies seeks to reduce or replace terbium in various applications. For example, advancements in LED technologies or phosphor substitutes could reduce terbium usage, affecting demand and price stability.
• Innovation in Alloys and Magnet Design: Innovations in alloy compositions or magnet designs that reduce terbium dependency or use it more efficiently could impact overall demand.
vii. Processing & Refinement Costs
• Complex Separation: Terbium is often found in complex ores and requires significant processing and separation, which can be costly. Rising energy costs and labor expenses associated with this process can push up the price of refined terbium.
• Environmental Regulations: Environmental restrictions, especially in China, may limit production capacities or increase operational costs. These costs are often passed on to consumers, influencing market prices.
viii. Currency Exchange Rates
• Global Trading Impact: Like many other commodities, terbium is often priced in U.S. dollars. Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies (like the Chinese yuan or the euro) can impact the cost for countries importing or exporting terbium, thereby influencing its global price dynamics.
Rising feedstock prices increase the cost of producing terbium, leading to higher market prices and potential supply constraints.
Inflation can raise terbium prices by increasing the costs of mining, refining, and energy, which are essential for its production. Additionally, inflation may drive up demand for high-tech applications such as green technologies (e.g., energy-efficient lighting, renewable energy systems), electronics, and advanced materials, further putting upward pressure on prices.
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